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Position/Title: Associate Professor
Address: NB 546
Phone: 205-996-2027
Fax: 205-996-9165
E-mail: sappel@uab.edu
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Biography
Dr. Appel is a 2002 Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing Science (PhD) graduate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, she has since attended three post doctoral programs (i.e., 1: Molecular Genetics: Georgetown University/ NINR Summer Genetics Institute; 2: NHLBI: Alabama Collaboration for Cardiovascular Equality (ACCE) Research Training Program in Cardiovascular Health Disparities. Division of Preventative Medicine, School of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) & Tuskegee University and 3: NIH K-30 UAB School of Medicine Clinical Research Training Program).
In 1984 Dr. Appel completed her masters with a focus in cardiovascular nursing, University of South Carolina in Columbia, SC from where she also holds two post-masters. Dr. Appel is doubly board certified as an Acute Care and Family Nurse Practitioner. She has also been certified by the American Association of Critical Care Nurses as a Critical Care Registered Nurse (CCRN) for more than 23 years. Dr. Appel is currently the Option Facilitator for the Acute Care and Continuing Care Nurse Practitioner program.
Dr. Appel is the co-author of a middle range nursing theory. This theory is focused on the impact of contextual risk factors and how these factors foster increased traditional cardiovascular risk among rural low-income Southern African-American women. This theory was originally published in the Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing (Appel, Giger and Davidhizar, 2005) and has been re-published in the Journal of the National Black Nurses Association (Appel, et al., 2008). Likewise, this theory has been tested in several published research studies and unpublished dissertation works.
Research Interests
Health Disparities
- Cardiometabolic Risk among Premenopausal Caucasian and African-American women
- Genetics and Genetic Admixture r/t CVD (Inflammation and Dysfibrinolysis)
- Telehealth
- Diabetes Education for Patients and Healthcare Professionals
Clinical Interests
- Women's Health
- Health Disparities
- Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
- Cardiometabolic Risk, Metabolic Syndrome and Pre-diabetes
- Telehealth
- Diabetes Education for Patients and Healthcare Professionals
- The role of the Nurse Practitioner in acute and episodic care
- Acute and episodic health issues
Publications (Note: Please click on underlined portions of references for the pdf version of articles or abstracts)
Appel, S.J., Oster, R.A., Floyd, N.A. & Ovalle, F. (2009). Cardiometabolic risk among African-American women: A pilot study. J Cardiovasc Nursing, 24(2):140-150.
Appel, S.J., Wadas, T.M., Rosenthal, R.S. & Ovalle, F. (2009). Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 21(3) 156-159.
Jones, E.J. & Appel, S.J. (2008). Type 2 diabetes: Fueling the surge of cardiovascular disease in women. Nursing for Women's Health, 12(6), 500-514.
Appel, S.J. & Downs, C.A. (2008). Understanding acid-base balance. ED Insider. Fall, 9-11.
Appel, S.J., Wright, M.A., Hill, A. & Ovalle, F. (2008). Uncovering imperative interventions in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Nurse Practitioner: The American Journal of Primary Health Care, 33(8), 20-27.
Appel, S.J., Newman Giger, J.N. & Davidhizar, R.E. (2008). Opportunity Cost: The impact of contextual risk factors on the cardiovascular health of low-income rural southern Africa American women. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association, 17, 2. {Reprinted with permission from: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 2005, 20, 315-24.}
Newman Giger, J., Appel, S.J., Davidhizar, R. & Davis, C. (2008). Church and spirituality in the lives of the African-American community. Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 2008 July 23 (Online).
Appel, S.J. & Downs, C.A. (2008). Steady a disturbed equilibrium. Men in Nursing, 3, 3, 33-39. {Reprinted with permission from: Nursing Critical Care 2007, 2, 4, 45-53.}
Appel, S.J. & Newman Giger, J.N. (2007). The nurse's role in discouraging clinical inertia in diabetes management: Optimizing cardiovascular health among African-Americans. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association, 18(2) vii-viii.
Appel, S.J., Floyd, N.A. & Jones, E.P. (2007). Reducing cardiovascular risk reduction and managing dyslipidemia in women. Nursing for Women's Health. 11(6), 586-99.
Appel, S.J., Wright, M.A. & Ovalle, F. (2007). Optimizing insulin regimes. The Nurse Practitioner: The American Journal of Primary Health Care, 32(8)18-26.
Appel, S.J. (2007). Cardiovascular health disparities among African-American women and teens. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 22(4) 261-2.
Appel, S.J. & Downs, C.A. (2007). Steady a disturbed equilibrium. Nursing Critical Care 2007, 2, 4, 45-53.
Downs, C.A. & Appel, S.J. (2007). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Diagnosis and Management. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners.19(3), 126-132.
Wright, M.A. & Appel, S.J. (2007). Inhaled insulin: Breathing new life into diabetes therapy. Nursing 2007, 37(1), 46-48.
Appel, S.J. & Wright, M.A. (2007). Teach your patient to administer: inhaled insulin. Nursing 2007, 37(1), 49-50.
Appel, S.J. (2007). Clinical Challenge: Misdiagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The clinical advisor for nurse practitioners, 10(3), 159-160.
Appel, S.J. & Bannon, J.M. (2007). Hazardous waist: How body shape puts health at risk. Nursing for Women's Health, 11(1), 44-53.
Appel, S.J., Moore, T. M. & Newman Giger, J. (2006). An overview and update on the metabolic syndrome: Implications for identification of cardiometabolic risk among African-American women. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association. 17(2),47-62.
Jones, D.E., Weaver, M.T., Grimley, D. Appel, S.J. & Ard, J. (2006). Health belief Model perceptions, knowledge of heart disease, and its risk factors in educated African-American women: An exploration of the relationships of socioeconomic status and age. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association. 17(2), 13-23.
Appel, S.J., Massey, C.N. & Giger, J.N. (2006). Watch that waistline. Nursing Critical Care 2006, 1, 4, 46-54.
Appel, S.J., Floyd, N.A., Giger, J.N., Weaver, M.T., Luo, H. & Ovalle, F. (2006). African-American women, metabolic syndrome and National Cholesterol Education Program Criteria. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association, 17, 1. {Reprinted with permission from: Nursing Research, 2005, 54, 339-46.}
Appel, S.J. (2006). Metabolic Syndrome: Fact or Fiction. Journal of American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 18, 6, 255-7.
Appel, S.J., Floyd, N.A., Giger, J.N., Weaver, M.T., Luo, H. & Ovalle, F. (2006). African-American women, metabolic syndrome and National Cholesterol Education Program Criteria. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association, 17, 1. {Reprinted with permission from: Nursing Research, 2005, 54, 339-46.}
Appel, S.J., Jones, Ellen D., Kennedy-Malone, L. (2004). Central Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome: Implications for Primary Care Providers. Journal of American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 16, 8, 335-42.
Book Chapters
Appel, S.J. & Wright, M.A. (2009). Antidiabetic drugs In: Abrams, A.C., Pennington, S.S. & Lammon, C.B. (editors), Clinical Drug Therapy: Rationales for nursing practice, 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Appel, S.J. (2008). Populations with Chronic Diseases. In Ivanov, L. & Blue, C. (Eds.). Public Health Nursing: Leadership, Policy, and Practice, (Original work).
Appel, S.J. (2008). Complications after an acute myocardial infarction. In Moser, D. & Riegel, B. (Eds). Cardiac Nursing: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease. (Original work).
Appel, S.J. (2004). Hyperlipidemia. In L. Kennedy-Malone, K. Fletcher, & L. Plank. (Eds.), Management Guidelines For Nurse Practitioners Working With Older Adults. Philadelphia:FA Davis, (Revision).
Appel, S.J. (2004). Obesity. In L. Kennedy-Malone, K. Fletcher, & L. Plank. (Eds.), Management Guidelines For Nurse Practitioners Working With Older Adults. Philadelphia: FA Davis, (Revision).
Presentations:
Safford, M., Cherrington, A., Halanych, J.H., Garver, W.T., Appel, S.J., Wright, M.A., Martin, M., Pisu, M., Oster, R., Parmar, G., Thaker, S., Johnson, N. & Foaud, M. (2009). ENCOURAGE: Evaluating Community Peer Advisors and diabetes Outcomes in Rural Alabama. The science of eliminating health disparities: UAB health disparities research symposium, Birmingham, Alabama.
Appel, S.J., Floyd, N.A., Oster, R.A. & Ovalle, F. (2009). Acanthosis and HOMA-ir as early markers of cardiometabolic risk among African-American women. Proceedings from the: 23rd Annual Southern Nurses Research Society meeting, Baltimore, Maryland.
Moore, T., Floyd, N.A., Jones, E.J & Appel, S.J. (2009). Bridging the Gap: Measurement of Socioeconomic Status and Its Association to Health Status among Minority Populations. Proceedings from the: 23rd Annual Southern Nurses Research Society meeting, Baltimore, Maryland.
Roache, C.C., Jones, E.J. & Appel, S.J. (2009). The concept of partnership within the nurse patient relationship. Proceedings from the: 23rd Annual Southern Nurses Research Society meeting, Baltimore, Maryland.
Jones, E.J., Roache, C.C. & Appel, S.J. (2009). Examining the Health Beliefs and Behaviors of Women with Previous Gestational Diabetes. Proceedings from the: 23rd Annual Southern Nurses Research Society meeting, Baltimore, Maryland.
Moore, T., Jones, E. J. & Appel, S.J. (2009). Measurement of socioeconomic status among women of various ethnic backgrounds. The science of eliminating health disparities: UAB health disparities research symposium, Birmingham, Alabama.
Turner, C. & Appel, S.J. (2009). Promoting safe foot care among African-Americans with type 2 diabetes. The science of eliminating health disparities: UAB health disparities research symposium, Birmingham Alabama.
Appel, S.J. & Giger, J.N. (2008). Early identification of cardiometabolic risk among African-American Women. National black Nurses Association Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada.
Appel, S.J., Downs, C.A., Williams, A.M., Woods, A. (2008). Techniques to Facilitate Diagnostic Reasoning Skills in an ACNP/CNS/RNFA Program. National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties Meeting, Louisville, Kentucky, 2008
Appel, S.J., Giger, J.N., & Davidhizar, R. (2007). Opportunity Cost: The impact of contextual risk factors on the cardiovascular health of low-income rural Southern African-American women. National black Nurses Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.
Appel, S.J. & Floyd, N.A. (2007). C-Reactive protein and cardiometabolic risk among African-American 19-45. Proceedings of the Sigma Theta Tau International Research Conference: Vienna, Austria.
Appel, S.J., Phadke, R., Hunter, G., Oster, R. & Gower, B. (2007). Racial differences in PAI-1 levels among healthy African-American and Caucasian women. American Heart Association Epidemiology Conference, Orland, Florida.
Appel, S.J., Phadke, R., Hunter, G., Oster, R. & Gower, B. (2007). Role of HINDIII polymorphism and insulin in determination of plasma PAI-1. Southern Nursing Research Society (SNRS), 20th Annual Conference: Galveston, Texas.
Appel, S.J. (2006). Polymorphisms and Plasma levels of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) among menopausal Caucasian and African-American women. CANS. National State of the Science Congress in Nursing Research, Washington, DC.
Phadke, R., Appel, S.J., Hunter, G., Oster, R. & Gower, B. (2006). Role of HINDIII polymorphism and insulin in determination of plasma PAI-1. National Association of Obesity, Boston, Massachusetts.
Appel, S.J., Giger, J.N., & Davidhizar, R. (2006). Opportunity Cost : The impact of contextual risk factors on the cardiovascular health of low-income rural Southern African-American women. 33rd Annual Conference of the Transcultural Nursing Society, Annapolis, Maryland.
Appel, S.J. (2006). Targeting metabolic syndrome: Are the NCEP ATP III guidelines enough for all women? Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN), 2006 Convention, Baltimore Maryland.
Appel, S.J. & Floyd, N.A. (2006). Association of waist circumference, insulin levels, hs-C-Reactive Protein and Dysfibrinolysis. Proceedings of the Southern Nursing Research Society (SNRS), 19th Annual Conference: Memphis, Tennessee.
Appel, S.J. (2006). Polymorphisms and Plasma levels of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) among premenopausal Caucasian and African-American women. CANS. National State of the Science Congress in Nursing Research, Washington, DC.
Phadke, R., Appel, S.J., Hunter, G., Oster, R. & Gower, B. (2006). Role of HINDIII polymorphism and insulin in determination of plasma PAI-1. National Association of Obesity, Boston, Massachusetts.
Appel, S.J., Giger, J.N., & Davidhizar, R. (2006). Opportunity Cost : The impact of contextual risk factors on the cardiovascular health of low-income rural Southern African-American women. 33rd Annual Conference of the Transcultural Nursing Society, Annapolis, Maryland.
Appel, S.J. (2006). Targeting metabolic syndrome: Are the NCEP ATP III guidelines enough for all women? Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN), 2006 Convention, Baltimore Maryland.
Appel, S.J. & Floyd, N.A. (2006). Association of waist circumference, insulin levels, hs-C Reactive Protein and Dysfibrinolysis. Proceedings of the Southern Nursing Research Society (SNRS), 19th Annual Conference: Memphis, Tennessee.
Honors and Awards
2009 - President's Award Excellence in Teaching, UAB School of Nursing
2008 - Dean's Excellence in Mentorship Award, UAB Graduate School
2007 - Outstanding Service Award: presented by the Central Alabama Association of Nurse Practitioners, Birmingham Alabama. Secured over $12,000 in grant monies and chaired the education committee which conducted the "First Annual Spring Seminar."
2006 - Alumni Award, School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Graduate of the Last Decade (GOLD) Award.
2006 - Post-doctoral Fellowship: NINR NIH Summer Genetics Institute, Bethesda, MD
2006 - Research in Minority Heath, Awarded by the Southern Nurses Research Society
2006 - Most Innovative Poster Award for Basic Research, Second Place: Title: The association between inflammation and body composition among African-American women age 20-45. Preventative Cardiovascular Nurses Association, 12th Annual Symposium, Denver, Colorado
2006 - Post-doctoral Fellowship: NHLBI: Dr. Mona Fouad (PI)
Alabama Collaboration for Cardiovascular Equality (ACCE)
Research Training Program in Cardiovascular Health Disparities
Division of Preventative Medicine,
University of Alabama Birmingham and Tuskegee University
2004-2008 - Awarded Title of: Health Disparities Scholar
National Center for Minority Health, Federal Loan Re-Payment Program